You say you thing the meaning of " presence " in the following paragraph is existence, and you want to know if you can use " existence" to replace "presence";
"Recent findings suggest that the destruction of ozone by pollution is slowing. Ozone is a form of oxygen. Its PRESENCE above Earth protects us from radiation from the sun."
Yes, the meaning of " presence" in the above paragraph is about the same as "existence".
BUT, it wouldn't be good to substituate " existence" there because when we are giving the location of something, we usually use "presence". Please note the distinctions in the meaning of the two words
Presence :" when someone or something is in a place"
existence : " when something or someone exists